Check

Check: By combining the results of the measurement trials with the market study, we infer, while the energy consumption of inland water vessels on an average is 3 times lower than one of trucks, the emission performance remains 3 times higher with respect to an equal environmental impact. This means
that this could result in a worse environmental performance of inland water vessel engines if immediate actions are not taken to regulate the emission standards in accordance with the performance of trucks.
We have an experience of being able to drastically reducing emissions from engines in passenger car and commercial vehicle applications, based on this, the improvement scenarios could be; SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction), ATM (Advising Tempomaat), BD (Biodiesel), LSF (Low Sulphur Fuel), PMF (Particulate Mass Filter), NGE (Natural Gas Engine). Trials are carried out on IWVs and the effects of these techniques in mass emission characteristics are shown below.
Fig 1.8: Changes in mass emission with respect application of different emission reduction techniques compared to current conventional engines where no emission reduction technique is used. FC denotes changes in fuel consumption.
A comparison is made between the emission levels of current IWVs (M1) with that of improved IWVs (M2- M5) by successfully adopting emission reduction techniques.
Fig 1.9: Emission comparison between IWV Vs Trucks with current and improved scenarios.
Fig 1.10: Comparison of vessel engine emission regulation with regulations for road transport
It is seen that the implementation of an SCR system (M2) is sufficient to reduce the NOx emissions to a level close to one of Euro V trucks. In combination with the advising tempomaat system (ATM) and
low sulphur diesel (M6) the emissions can be reduced to a much lower level than that of Euro V trucks. In order to maintain the advantage of having stricter emission limits, it would be necessary to apply particulate filters to these engines additionally to the mentioned emission-reduction techniques (M7). By adopting this, an inland water vessel can match the demand for emitting less pollutants as much as a Euro VI vehicle.
Act: Any change in the current system would add up to an additional cost and in order to arrive at the most optimal improvement scenario, a cost and benefit analysis (CBA) is done against the benefits of each of these improvement scenarios.
Fig 1.11: Comparison of system costs and saved fuel costs for IWV with different emission-reduction techniques
From the results of the CBA, we understand that an SCR system with ATM (M3) would help save close to 85,000 Euros per year in fuel costs in addition to achieving the emission level of a Euro-V truck. The most significant reduction of PM results is from the application of the particulate matter filter requiring low sulphur fuel (M7) which would comply with the most stringent Euro-V1 norms. .
The cleanest ship: Since the application of selective catalytic reduction, particulate matter filters, low sulphur fuel and advising tempomaat was found to be the most effective and practicable solution to improve the environmental performance, these systems are incorporated in a demonstrator named “The Cleanest Ship- MV Victoria” confirming the
general applicability of these systems to inland water vessels and the emission reduction potential through extensive trials.
Fig 1.12: The cleanest ship- MV Victoria
Conclusion:
Inland navigation is in danger of losing its position as a more environmentally friendly means of transport in terms of NOx and PM emissions for emission tests prove that already perform worse than road transport. There is a huge potential for reducing emissions in the marine Industry considering longer life cycle of marine engines and time period taken for compliance with a new emission regulation.
Fig: 1.13: Reduction of emissions possible
Through the introduction of emission reduction techniques; the marine industry would create a positive impact in the environment in terms of having better air quality as well as achieving huge savings in running fuel costs per year. Taking into account the measurement carried out for an IWV and the demonstrator ship MV Victoria, it is shown how highly efficient emission reduction technologies and better fuel quality can be applied to IWVs leading to compliance even with the strictest of regulations of road transport. In order to achieve superior environmental performance of inland navigation with respect to all emissions (NOX, PM, CO2, SOX, CO, HC), the very first step to be taken has to be the introduction of LSF (EN 590) to inland navigation. Further changes can be carried out in phased manner (M1 to M2, M2 to M6 and finally M6 – M7).