warfare, a contest over meanings and forms of representation,
particularly as propagated in society through various media of communication.
Hence a brief etymology of the concept of culture is useful in
understanding the terrain upon which culture jamming maneuvers.
According to Kroeber and Kluckhohn, the modern use of the word culture
can be traced to the mid-18th century
While the word kultur first appears to have come into use in Germany,
it is in France that evidence of the epic dialectical battle between it and
civilise: civilization, initially emerged. By 1750, Kroeber and Kluckhohn
note, the idea of progress, i.e. modernity, had been established – its basis,
enlightened human reason, i.e., objective rationality, was also acknowledged