TRANSFORMER HEALTH MONITORING BY GSM MODULE U15EEP702 – PROJECT PHASE I
A report
Submitted by
PRAKADEESH – 15BEE008
KENNY DIAZ C – 15BEE034
MUTHUKUMAR M – 15BEE038
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
BACHELOR OF Engineering
DEPARTMENT OF
electrical & electronics ENGinEERING
kumaraguru college of technology
coimbatore 641 049
NOVEMBER 2018
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kumaraguru college of technology
coimbatore 641049
CERTIFICATE
The project work embodied in the present Report entitled “TRAMSFORMER HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM BY GSM MODULE” has been carried out in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore. The work reported herein is original and does not form part of any other project or thesis or paper published on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion or to any other scholar.
I understand the Institution policy on plagiarism and declare that the project report and publications are my own work, except where specifically acknowledged and has not been copied from other sources or been previously submitted for award or assessment.
PRAKADEESH – 15BEE008
KENNY DIAZ C – 15BEE034
MUTHUKUMAR M – 15BEE038
Signature of project guide Signature of HoD-EEE
Dr.R.RAJALAKSMI , Prof./EEE Dr.K. MALARVIZHI.
Signature of the Examiner
ABSTRACT
Transformers are the indispensable piece of the transmission and conveyance framework. Observing Transformers for blame recognition before they happen can counteract shortcomings that are exorbitant to fix and result in lost administration. This task objective is to give answer for the checking arrangement of conveyance transformer at a reasonable cost utilizing GSM innovation to keep the disappointment of the dispersion transformers and enhance the unwavering quality. This is accomplished by utilizing GSM module with raspberry pi and a few sensors. The parameters are detected and the gotten parameters are prepared and put away in the framework memory. On the off chance that any variation from the norm happens the SMS messages will be sent to the cell phones about the state of the circumstance. This will assist the transformers with running easily and distinguish issues before any disastrous disappointment.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We wish to record my deep sense of gratitude and profound thanks to KCT Management, Principal, Head of the Department and Project Coordinator for the keen interest, inspiring guidance, constant encouragement with my work during all stages, to bring this work into fruition.
We express our deep sense of gratitude and thanks to our project guide Dr.ABCD, Prof./EEE, Kumaraguru College of Technology, coimbatore for his/ her valuable suggestions and support.
We also thank the faculty and non-teaching staff members of the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kumaraguru College of Technology , Coimbatore , for their valuable support throughout the course of our project work.
NAME 1 – Roll No.NAME 2 – Roll No.NAME 3 – Roll No.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
ABSTRACT LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT 1.2 FIELD OF THE PROJECT 1.3 OBEJCTIVES 1.4 ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT 2 PROPOSED SYSTEM 2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF —— 2.2 CIRCUIT/ MODEL OF —- 2.3 DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPONENTS 3 IMPLEMETATION OF —— 3.1 Algorithm/ Flow chart 3.2 Implementation of —- 3.3 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 System specifications 4.2 Simulation and Hardware results 4.3 Comparison of results and Discussion 5 CONCLUSION 5.1 Conclusion 5.2 Future Scope APPENDIX REFERENCES
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONSDC – DIRECT CURRENT
AC – ALTERNATING CURRENT
PWM – PULSE WIDTH MODULATION
MOSFET – METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR FIELD EFFECT
TRANSISTOR
CHAPTER 1IntroductionPROBLEM STATEMENT:
The observing gadgets which are by and by utilized for checking have a few issues, for example,
The time for obtaining information or readings and working parameters is too long and testing speed isn’t so quick enough.
The exactness of estimation while checking the parameters is low.
Timely location information won’t be sent to observing focuses in time.
Some observing frameworks utilizes control line bearer communication(PLCC) to send information yet they have a few disadvantages, for example,
Frequency obstruction in the framework.
Noise issue in the system.
Occurrence of unscheduled power slices because of the absence of auspicious move made over the anomalous conditions.
FIELD OF THE PROJECT:
The power framework is a system which comprises age, dispersion and transmission framework. It utilizes the type of vitality (like coal and diesel) and changes over it into electrical vitality. The power framework incorporates the gadgets associated with the framework like the synchronous generator, engine, transformer, electrical switch, conduit, and so on.
The power plant, transformer, transmission line, substations, appropriation line, and circulation transformer are the six primary parts of the power system.The control plant creates the power which is venture up or venture down through the transformer for transmission
The transmission line exchanges the ability to the different substations.Through substation, the power is exchanged to the circulation transformer which venture down the ability to the fitting worth which is appropriate for the consumers.
1.3 OBJECTIVES:
To develop a GSM based monitoring system in order to detect all the operating parameters and send it to the monitoring centre in time.
To identify problems before any serious failure which leads to a cost saving and provides greater reliability.
To control the parameters such as temperature in case of abnormal condition.
1.4 ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT:
CHAPTER 1 – Describes with the problem identification and objectives of
the project.
CHAPTER 2 – Deals with the proposed system configuration and overall
structure of the project.
CHAPTER 3 – Focuses on the implementation of GSM based transformer
health monitoring system
CHAPTER 4 – Presents the result
CHAPTER 5 – Points the conclusion of the project results and future
scope of the project.
CHAPTER 2PROPOSED SYSTEM
2.1Block Diagram of ———:
The overall block diagram of the system ——:
2.2 Configuration of Transformer health monitoring system:
The framework structure speaks to the association of the individual parts.
The framework is orchestrated so that the yields from sensors-Current transformer(sense the measure of current), Temperature sensor(sense the temperature),Potential transformer(sense the voltage) are given to the controller raspberry pi. The voltage which is detected will be more than the working voltage of the controller. This may harm the controller. So the utilization of transfer limits this harm by changing over the voltage which is detected by the sensor into a proper incentive for the microcontroller to work efficiently.The ADC is utilized to peruse the parameters and the qualities get put away in the memory for preparing. The GSM is interfaced with the small scale controller and it downloads SMS messages which contain the data identified with the transformer parameters and status. At that point this SMS is sent to checking focuses containing data about parameters estimation of the dissemination transformers. In this way the game plan is designed.
2.3 Circuit Diagram of Transformer health monitoring system using GSM
The following circuit for electrical part of the project
Fig 2.1 Circuit diagram
2.4 Description of components:
Raspberry pi 3:
The Raspberry Pi 3 Display is a minor charge card estimate PC. Simply include a console, mouse, show, control supply, smaller scale SD card with introduced Linux Appropriation and you’ll have a completely fledged PC that can run applications from word processors and spreadsheets to recreations.Tech specs:
Chip Broadcom BCM2837
64bit
ARMv8
Quad Core Cortex A53
1.2 GHz
Storage microSD Card
Memory 1 GB
Graphics 400 MHz Dual Core VideoCore IV GPU
OpenGL ES 2.0
Hardware-Accelerated OpenVG1080p30 H.264 high-profile decode
Weight 42g
Audio HDMI port supports multichannel audio output
Audio line out/3.5-mm headphone jack (analog)
Communications Wi-Fi802.11n WiFi wireless Networking;IEEE 802.11a/g/b/n compatibleBluetoothBluetooth 4.1 wireless technologyEthernet10/100BASE-T Ethernet (RJ-45 connector)
Electrical andOperating Requirements Input voltage: 5V DCCurrent Requirement: 2.5 Amps
Current Transformer:
A present transformer (CT) is a sort of transformer that is utilized to quantify exchanging current (AC). It delivers a current in its optional which is corresponding to the current in its essential.
Current transformers, alongside voltage or potential transformers, are instrument transformers. Instrument transformers scale the vast estimations of voltage or current to little, institutionalized qualities that are anything but difficult to deal with for instruments and defensive transfers. The instrument transformers seclude estimation or security circuits from the high voltage of the essential framework. A present transformer gives an auxiliary current that is precisely corresponding to the current streaming in its essential. The present transformer displays a unimportant load to the essential circuit.
Flow transformers are the flow detecting units of the power framework and are utilized at producing stations, electrical substations, and in modern and business electric power dissemination.
Types
In view of the capacity development, it can likewise be delegated pursues:
Bar Type: This sort comprises of a bar of reasonable size and material framing a fundamental piece of the transformer.
Wound Type: This sort has an essential twisting of mineral than one full turn twisted over the center.
Window Type: This sort has no essential winding. The auxiliary breeze of the CT is put around the current streaming conductor. The attractive electric field made by flow coursing through the conveyor initiates flow in the auxiliary winding, which is utilized for estimation.RELAY:
Transfers are switches that open and close circuits electromechanically or electronically. Transfers control one electrical circuit by opening and shutting contacts in another circuit. As hand-off charts appear, when a hand-off contact is ordinarily open (NO), there is an open contact when the hand-off isn’t invigorated. At the point when a transfer contact is Normally Closed (NC), there is a shut contact when the hand-off isn’t stimulated. In either case, applying electrical flow to the contacts will change their state.
Transfers are for the most part used to switch littler flows in a control circuit and don’t for the most part control devouring gadgets with the exception of little engines and Solenoids that draw low amps. In any case, transfers can “control” bigger voltages and amperes by having an enhancing impact in light of the fact that a little voltage connected to a transfers loop can result in an expansive voltage being exchanged by the contacts.
Defensive transfers can anticipate hardware harm by recognizing electrical irregularities, including overcurrent, inclination, over-burdens and turn around flows. What’s more, transfers are additionally generally used to switch beginning loops, warming components, pilot lights and perceptible cautions.
GSM:
GSM/GPRS module is used to establish communication between a computer and a GSM-GPRS system. Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) is an architecture used for mobile communication in most of the countries. Global Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is an extension of GSM that enables higher data transmission rate. GSM/GPRS module consists of a GSM/GPRS modem assembled together with power supply circuit and communication interfaces (like RS-232, USB, etc) for computer. GSM/GPRS MODEM is a class of wireless MODEM devices that are designed for communication of a computer with the GSM and GPRS network. It requires aSIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card just like mobile phones to activate communication with the network. Also they have IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) number similar to mobile phones for their identification. A GSM/GPRS MODEM can perform the following operations:
1. Receive, send or delete SMS messages in a SIM.
2. Read, add, search phonebook entries of the SIM.
3. Make, Receive, or reject a voice call.
The MODEM needs AT commands, for interacting with processor or controller, which are communicated through serial communication. These commands are sent by the controller/processor. The MODEM sends back a result after it receives a command. Different AT commands supported by the MODEM can be sent by the processor/controller/computer to interact with the GSM and GPRS cellular network.
CHAPTER 3
IMPLEMENTATION OF Transformer Health Monitoring System
START
3.1 Flow chart
Parameters are sensed by sensors.
STOP
SMS are sent to the monitoring stations.
Values are saved as messages by GSM.
YES
NO
Caution SMS are generated by GSM.
Are values normal?
Processed in Raspberry Pi
CHAPTER 4
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1 System Specifications
Table 4.1
COMPONENT SPECIFICATION
RASPBERRY PI 3 5.1V
CURRENT TRANSFORMER POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER RELAY 5V
GSM MODULE 5V
4.2 Simulation Results:
The input variable supply is given to the ——–.
Hence the output voltage —–.
CHAPTER 5
5.1CONCLUSION:
Transformers are among the most nonexclusive and expensive piece of rigging of the transmission and scattering system. Ordinary checking prosperity condition of transformer not only is economical in like manner adds to extended enduring quality. Previously, upkeep of transformers was done subject to a pre chosen timetable. With the movement of correspondence advancement now it is possible to get accuse information of transformer through GSM technology remotely to the director and specialists so one can prepared to take possible course of action before changing over fault in to savage circumstance. Dependent upon accuse examination a model of scaled down scale controller based transformer prosperity checking unit is made in research office. Using propelled controller examination results are routinely invigorated. In the midst of unusual conditions outperforming decided limits information is immediately granted through GSM innovation to the chairman and besides to concerned master for possible restorative action. This kind of remote view of prosperity condition of transformer not simply manufactures the life of transformer extends mean down time of transformer there by extended limit and lessened cost of power structure exercises.
5.2 FUTURE SCOPE:
A server module can be incorporated to this framework for getting and putting away transformer parameters data occasionally about all the dispersion transformers of a specific utility in a database application. This database will be a helpful wellspring of data on the utility transformers. Examination of these put away information helps the utility in observing the operational conduct of their conveyance transformers and distinguish blames before any calamitous disappointments therefore bringing about noteworthy cost sparing and additionally enhancing framework dependability.
REFERENCESBajjuri Praneeth Kumar ; Boda Vamsee Krishna Babu, “SMS Remote Controller” paper presented in Embedded System –Fall 2005.
T.S.Madhavrao, “Power System Protection Static Relays”. TMH Publication.
National Semiconductor Corporation, “ADC 0808”, journal published, America, October 1999.
