This publication presents the background, details, and results of a case study of Kirtipur Municipality, in Kathmandu District, Nepal, prepared as a practical example showing the potential for using geographic information systems (GIS) as a tool to support municipal planning and decision-making processes. The general information requirements for municipal planning are discussed, and the design and development of the database described. Base data sets were prepared, verified, and supplemented with information from a high-resolution satellite image and aerial photographs. The results are presented in the form of thematic maps, ward maps, and maps of land use and land cover change. The GIS approach offers major advantages over static mapping. The present limitations tend to reflect organisational challenges more than technical difficulties and the study underlines the need to develop the capacities of municipalities. The book should prove useful to all those interested in applying GIS in urban planning, as well as to those interested in the process of urbanisation and urban planning per se in Nepal.
Basically the concept of natural resource management is accepted as balance between population and natural resources of a particular region. Because of its limited characterstics, natural resources and it;s balance with growing population are also being appeared obviously as a burning issue. The tremendous pressure on natural resources resulted in forest conservation, deforestation, habital degradation, fragmentation and socioeconomic complexities. As a result some problems on resource management are being caused.
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because of increasing population, the access of people over natural resources is further processing. Increasing population and reducing natural resources are merely producing conflict in society or among the users. Because of over exploitation, natural resources are being affected negatively, which cannot be defined as development. sustainable development of resources is essential, because the users able to use and recycle it to hand over the future generation.
The spatial profile of Kirtipur Municipality was extracted in the form of thematic maps from
the GIS database described above. The maps are presented at the end of this chapter. The
maps provide a general overview of the spatial distribution of population and physical
infrastructure within the municipality. Maps 1 and 2 show the 1992 orthophoto and the 2001
satellite image, and give an overall picture of the change in settlement structure within the
municipality. Map 3 shows the location of Kirtipur Municipality in the national context and
Map 4 the administrative boundaries within the municipality. These are followed by maps of
population distribution, settlements, road network, industry, electricity and telephone
networks, public utilities, educational institutions, public services, public institutions, general
markets, vegetable markets, heritage sites, land-use and land cover 1992 and 1998, land-use
change, and urban growth. Each of the themes is discussed briefly below with reference to
the respective map.
Nepal, a developing country in South Asia, had a total population of about 26.49 million in 2011,
which was expected to reach 28.47 million by 2016 . According to a report by the Department of
Water Supply and Sewerage, Nepal’s water supply coverage was 83.59%, and the sanitation coverage
70.28%, in 2014. To achieve SDG 6, Nepal should invest more in water supply and sewage system
infrastructure; when doing so, it needs to consider the increasing population and lifestyle changes, as
well as the available water resources.
The KUKL is responsible for supplying water to its 10 service areas. The maximum
domestic water supply capacity of KUKL service areas was reported to be 151.19 MLD in 2013.
However, the actual water supplies during the wet and dry seasons are 115 and 69 MLD, respectively.
The total water demand in service areas is estimated to be (by considering 135 lpcd) approximately
361.6 MLD in 2016, with a supply deficit of 210 MLD.
