The First World War broke out in 1914 when Archduke Francis Ferdinand was assassinated by a Serb nationalist. At the time, the Central Powers included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire and the Allies included Great Britain, France, and Russia. Not wanting to be involved in the war, the United States declared its policy of neutrality in 1914 until 1917 when they entered the war on the side of the Allies. The United States may have declared a policy of neutrality, but they never truly were neutral as shown by numerous accounts of favoritism towards the Allies.
The U.S. mainly sent goods to the Allies, already expressing their favoritism towards the allies. Document C even says when the U.S ships were intercepted, the ships were sent to a British port without being examined and didn’t come back for weeks. The government didn’t do anything about it, which means that they were helping out the British; not being neutral. (Doc C) This is not a very reliable source because it is from 1935 which is over 20 years after the war ended, even though the author was “Acting Secretary of State” during the period described in the excerpt. The report from the American Customs Inspector in 1915 even stated that the ship, Lusitania, contained 4200 cases of metallic cartridges to London and 1250 cases of shrapnel to England. (Doc F) So, the U.S was supplying ammunition to Ally forces, even more implying the fact that they were never in fact neutral. Also, Hugo Munsterberg, a Harvard professor, realized that the U.S. was already favoring the Allies by violating the Hague Convention and international war by sending conditional contraband in neutral ships to them (Doc B).