Dias

Dias (2014) advances that, ligament strain, facet joint arthritis or disc pressure on the annulus fibrosis vertebral-end place are conditions which cause lower back pain. For Yilmaz and Dedeli (2012), these incidents of lower back pain are simply associated with manual task handling situations and the risk of lower back pain injury may be as a result of the design of the workplace or workplace factors. They argue that, lower back pain is a condition characterised by stages ranging from acute to chronic. A chronic condition is defined as a situation when an individual has a back pain that persists for more than twelve weeks continuously, whereas an acute condition is when one has a back pain for less than twelve weeks and it has stopped or becomes intermittent. The dominant theory of causation supported by this study is one that states that the exposure to whole body vibration is the leading cause of lower back pain in LHD drivers. Whole body vibration is said to occur when a body is supported on a vibrating surface, usually a seat or a platform. WBV is an oscillation with frequency ranging from 0.01 to 50 Hertz which is transmitted to the human body and can result in motion sickness, discomfort, pain, vomiting and numbness to the skin, Uchikune (2004). Vibration exposure to the human body is not simple, as the human body is exposed to various frequencies in different directions (Griffin, 1990).