Catholic Church had to defend their doctrine in response to reformation

Catholic Church had to defend their doctrine in response to reformation. Initiated by Council of Trent and finished at end of Thirty Year’ War. This brought about many changes to liturgy….
Council of Trent:
Talk about changes that occurred e.g. clergy training improved, Preached on Sunday more often, better preparation for sacraments.
Josephinism: Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II took away some of pope’s power, “which included directives to make the liturgy simpler and more intelligible in the empire”
Synod of Pistoia: each church should only have one altar and one mass on Sunday, “outright condemning the use of Latin in the liturgy”.
Architecture
St Peter’s in Rome: renaissance to baroque architecture
After Michaelangelo died, St. Peter’s plan changed from Greek cross to Latin cross
Il Gesu:
It became iconic design in ecclesiastical history. Took out side isles, shorter apse, choir moved from between altar and congregation
“These churches gave new attention to the pulpit and the act of preaching. With no choir of monks to obstruct the view, no rood screens, and no elongated apse to distance the people from the sacred action, Il Gesu drew the laity into closer proximity to the liturgical action”
But people still didn’t really take part in Eucharist
Common Liturgical Arrangements
“Clearer uniformity in Eucharistic doctrine and, because of the revisions of the liturgical books, much more uniformity in the celebration of the Mass.”
The tendency toward uniformity in doctrine and rubrics generated by that council spurred a similar instinct for conformity in the liturgical arrangements within Roman Catholic churches.” Italy then Europe and eventually global.
Became “law required” for tabernacle to be fixed to altar table.
Spread cloth for peop;e receiving communion at altar and eventually ended up changing to the communion rail (Mass of the Roman Rite, II:375)
Borromeo: “Instructions on the Architecture and Furnishing of Churches”… affirmed importance of the tabernacle on the altar, gave clear instruction about the need and design for the innovation we have come to know as a “confessional”…”shape, size, and materials for the fonts that provided holy water” for peop;e blessing themselves when they entered a church.